G76 Chamfer End of Thread

G76 Chamfer End of Thread

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Category : Fanuc Turn New Stuff

G76 Chamfer, this is another myth exploding article about the G76 threading cycle.

It’s so easy to use cycles like G76 day in day out and never really fully understand how they work.

I certainly did and then one day I thought “Fuck this I need to know more” 

That’s when I sorted out the number of passes thing. If you don’t know how to calculate the number of passes in a threading cycle then you should read the article above.

(G76 Chamfer) I want to talk about the P

G76 P011560 Q20 R.02
G76 X16.93 Z-25. P1534 Q485 F2.5

G76 Threading Cycle First Line
P01   One spring pass       15   Chamfer        60   Thread angle
Q       Minimum depth of cut
R       Finishing allowance

G76 Threading Cycle Second line

X         Core diameter of thread
Z         Thread end point
P         Depth of thread (as a radius no decimal point)
Q        Depth of first cut no decimal point.
F         Pitch of thread

Six Figure P Number Holy Shit

G76 P011560 Q20 R.02

First two digits are easy, spring cuts. No it’s not the latest haircut for April.

“Read More”

G10 Using G10 on a Fanuc Type Control

G10

I am always amazed that so many companies still don’t use G10 in their CNC programs. If you know you know.

I must admit I fuckin hate a lot of the things that young people say like “can I get a Latte”. (Get behind this fuckin counter and make it yoursef if you want to “get it”).

Anyway I kind of like “If you know you know”

No G10… Is this you?

I am sure you have your reasons which I will accept. But if your reason is that you don’t understand it then that’s just not good enough.

So you make a part, it’s all setup and you need to break it down.

If you can fix the work holding in such a way that you can reload it in exactly the same place then you need G10.

Let me explain, watch this video to see how single point location works.

G10 No need to spend loads of money.

You could just bolt a sub plate to your machine table so that vices and chucks etc can have dowels to locate them.

But the main idea is that you can relocate your work holding in exactly the same place every time.

G10
Using G10 on a Fanuc Type Control

This is your work offset page on a Fanuc control.

G10

These figures are written in by hand or by automatic setting.

If you had written this line in your program.

G90 G10 L2 P1 X-440.500 Y-265.200 Z-443.00

They would have been written in automatically when you ran the program.

So the work offset page could have any values in G54 but as soon as you run your program this G10 command will replace them with its preset values.

Make Sure Your in Absolute

Try not to forget the G90 (Absolute) because you may accidentally be in G91 (Incremental). What would then happen is it would add these numbers to what is already in the work offset. Oh dear me.

In G90 it will always replace them.

You can write to G54 G55 G56 G57 G58 or G59 just by changing the P number.

G90 G10 L2 P1 X-140.600 Y-265.923 Z-400.00 (G54)

G90 G10 L2 P2 X-125.500 Y-236.865 Z-313.865 (G55)

G90 G10 L2 P3 X-800.500 Y-563.200 Z-125.00 (G56)

G90 G10 L2 P4 X-440.500 Y-265.200 Z-169.369 (G57)

G90 G10 L2 P5 X-440.500 Y-265.200 Z-123.568 (G58)

G90 G10 L2 P6 X-410.500 Y-235.200 Z-443.00 (G59)

The code above would setup all six work offsets.

“Read More”

G01 G00 Basic CNC Programming ( G01 not GO1 )

G01 not GO1 Back to Basic CNC Programming

The letter O is only used for a programme number and a GOTO statement on a Fanuc Control. It’s important not to get it mixed up with the number Zero. So we should really say G zero one ( G01 not GO1 ).

So remember it’s G01 not GO1 (Zero not letter O)

G01 not GO1

A good solution is to miss it out where possible G1 not G01 etc.

This is part of a series of articles designed to cover basic CNC Programming.

When I first learnt to programme, before the First World War, I still remember how daunting the thick yellow Fanuc Manuals were. The Japanese were learning to speak English and we were learning to speak G Code.

Fanuc Manuals

Fanuc manuals are just like the yellow pages. A note here for you young people who might not know what yellow pages are (no it’s not like someone pissed on the photocopier)

Long before Google we had these thick yellow books and we used them to find stuff like if your mam needed to get the outside toilet unblocked or something.

None of this stuff was in the Fanuc manuals but you could easily get them mixed up cos they looked very similar.

I can honestly say when I was learning Basic CNC Programming I read the old 6M Fanuc manual from cover to cover. The Macro bit was just like another planet to me. Some things I had to read over and over again to understand.

Some of it was so badly written you kind of had to guess what they meant.

In the Beginning

Every now and then I used to go right back to the beginning and read the basic stuff again. Believe me, every time I would find something I didn’t know, mind you I didn’t know much then anyway.

Try it later and if it doesn’t work I’ll give you your money back.

Okay enough of this bullshit and verbiage let’s talk about G codes.

Geometric Code, that’s what the G stands for.

Useless information but anyway, now I’ve said it. Don’t tell your mates down the pub because you will probably bore them shitless.

I often begin my training courses by saying “you only need to know four G codes to programme a CNC, it really is that easy”

G0 G1 G2 G3

(Please smart arses don’t contact me.)

What that means is that you can get round any shape with straight lines G1 and circles G2 and G3. Oh and you need to quickly get to the part so use G0 rapid.

Yes and another note. You don’t need leading zeros.

G00 can be G0 (Never GO as in letter O)
G01 can be G1 (Never GO1 as in letter O)
G02 can be G2 (Never GO1 as in Letter O)
G03 can be G3 (Never GO1 as in letter O)

Read this if you want to know more.

Lets Get On with It

G00 or G0 commands a rapid move. That means the axis will be flat out. Maximum foot to the floor, shit off a stick as we say in the Midlands.

A common mistake with rapid moves is to assume that the axis will all move in a straight line like a bullet from a gun.

Not true. Because each axis is flat out one axis may arrive before the other. The rapid on your X axis could be slower than your Z. Anyway you get what I mean.

Why do I need to know this?

Easy because if something is in the way then you might hit it. That is if you assume the movement is a straight line.

Now lets see.

Move down in Z

G0 Z5.

G01 not GO1

Then a nice straight line G0 X130. Z-30.

G01 not GO1

But meanwhile in the real world

G01 not GO1

It’s obvious really.

Just think for a moment:

If both X and Z rapid motors ran at the same speed. Then each axis will move the same amount until one reaches its destination.

Looks like this.

G01 not GO1

Z has 30mm to move in total so they will both move 30mm. This will make a 45 degree line.

Ah but X is not finished yet. X will carry on and finish its move in a straight line.

G01 not GO1

If something is in the path of your rapid move you may need to programme your axis separately to be sure not to hit anything.

G00 X130. Z-30.

Could be:

G00 X130. ;
Z-30.;

G01 not GO1

Please don’t repeat the G00 (you know it will piss me off).

Now G01 ( G01 not GO1  )

G01 is a linear feed. It means feed in a straight line. Just like stretching a piece of string between two points. It can be just one axis or two simultaneous axis. You can even programme X Y and Z all in one line of code.

So this is what really separates a CNC from a manual machine. Remember how hard it was to machine an angle on a manual milling machine? Or a taper on a lathe.

You do?

Well on a CNC Machine we just programme the end point. It will then machine a straight line from it’s current position to the programmed point

If your machine was at X50. Y0 and you programmed a line

G01 X55. Y-200. ;

You would get an angle.

Ok what’s wrong in this picture?

Just to see if you are not a robot?

Yes congratulations but what is wrong with the line.

G01 X55. Y-200. ;

The Feed-rate

Yes with G01 you need a feed-rate. Don’t repeat the feed-rate, you only need another feed-rate when you want to change it.

G01 X55. Y-200. F100. ;

Don’t forget you can programme X Y and Z together and it will still be a straight line just like you tied a piece of string between the start and end point.

F100. means feed at 100mm per minute.

CNC Turning

On a manual lathe you would have to set up a compound slide to just machine an angle.

Basic CNC Programming

Mmm very skillful and I’m sure it’s loads of fun.

On a CNC Lathe this is just one line of code and some Basic CNC Programming!!

What About 3 Axis Rapid?

Yes you can programme 3 axis together in rapid move. It’s definitely the quickest way to get to the part.

G0 X50. Y20. Z3.

I would definitely advise using it but, and there always is one, just be real careful nothing is in the way. Don’t blame me I’ll just say I never  met you.

Oh just one more thing as Columbo would say.

You could use a very high feed instead of a rapid move. That way you really would guarantee a straight line. I’ve never done this but it just came to me in a flash.

So there you have it G0 is rapid ( never GO letter O).

G1 is linear feed, remember G01 not GO1 (Not letter O)

Thank you for reading my article ( Basic CNC Programming G01 not GO1 )

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Haas SL15 CNC Lathe

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Category : Haas Haas Turn

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Today I got to train someone on a Haas SL15 Lathe, it had live tooling and a sub spindle.

Haas SL15

It also had a bar-feed.

Not worked on one of these for a while. Tell me why on earth don’t other companies look at the pragmatic approach that Haas take to CNC Machining and copy it?

Say what you like about Haas machines but they have an incredible knack of shattering the bullshit and making stuff easy.

Here are two massive ones.

G112

G112 tricks the Haas SL15 CNC Lathe into thinking it’s a machining centre and that it can mill.

It’s like gender identity for CNC Machines. But, and this is the “for fuck sake bit”, on most machines you have to program it like a machining centre but then when your done you need to double X and switch all the Y’s for C’s.

Sounds simple but in practice it’s a shit storm, specially when programming G2 and G3.

Here is an article about it.

When Mr Haas invented the Haas SL15 CNC Lathe he must have looked at this and laughed. Here is a really clever idea. We’ll trick the machine into thinking it’s a machining centre and here is the clever bit. We’ll keep up the facade.

So you make a milling program (XY) and then……. you leave it that way. How incredibly clever is that?? Mmmmmm

Haas SL15 it Gets Better

Sub spindle, to program a sub spindle you have to stand on your head and think of a number, twist your bollocks through 90 degrees, say 47 “Hail Mary’s” and then divide by the number you first thought of.

No Sunny Jim not on this Haas SL15 CNC Lathe it’s got this nifty little G code tucked right up it’s computer numerically controlled sleeve.

G14 causes the sub spindle to become the main spindle. So now all the main spindle commands work on the sub spindle.

M03, M04, M05, M12and M19 work on the sub spindle. Please note if you use sub spindle commands like M143, M144, M145, and M119 you will get an alarm.

G14 is cancelled by G15, M30, at the end of a program, or when you press [RESET] .

Oh and just as a bonus it will mirror your Z axis. Confusing you say. NO no no it’s the opposite. Now you just program everything like it was meant to be on the main spindle and holy fuckin son of a bitch dog shit it works.

Right no more swearing David . “Grow up”

Tight Fit

There is a stored stroke around the sub spindle of this  Haas SL15.

A stored stroke is where you denote a protected area and the machine can’t enter it. A bit like my wife’s bathroom I’m not allowed to enter and especially not allowed to shit in her toilet.

Unfortunately you could still smack into the chuck if the jaws were much longer than about 20mm. Anyway it’s still a good effort to protect it.

Tool Measurement Arm

The tool measurement arm on this Haas SL15 is not much use on longer tools so you have to use the Z measure button. For this to work you need to first change setting 64.

When this is off the [Z FACE MEASURE] key will input current MACHINE position. Switch it on to record the position using the G54. You must then switch it off again because it will effect the tool measurement arm.

Bit complicated, come on Haas you can do this don’t let me down.

Haas SL15

 

Bar-feed Haas SL15

This bar-feed is really good and dead easy to use. First of all you reference it. Zero return single position V axis.

There we hit on a problem, our barfed had been disabled whist moving the machine.

Quick visit to parameter 7381504 (V BIT SWA) disable should be 0.

Job done.

Anyway all you do is issue G105 Q4 in MDI (make sure chuck is closed. it will load the bar and push it towards the spindle.

After this the hand wheel will work for the V axis. Feed this out and close the chuck making sure it’s flush with the front of the collet. Keep pushing it back to make sure it’s touching the pusher.

Once this is done run G105 Q2 this will push bar out to its correct place. You can now set your G54 to front face.

Every time you run just G105 it will push the bar out. How easy is that

Bar Information Haas SL15

The bar information is on the: HAAS SERVO BAR SYSTEM VARIABLES page.

Part length Initial Push length and Minimum clamping length can be set using I J and K in program.

3100: Is the length of your part plus the amount you will part off, this allows the bar-feeder to calculate the remaining bar length.

3101: This is how far the part will stick out from the chuck or collet face

3102: This is to make sure that the chuck or collet is holding on enough bar when you get to the end of the bar.

3103 3104 3105 set any one of these three.

3106 3107 3108 will be set by the machine as it runs.

Haas even wrote you a shopping list on the bar-feed. (There is a list of G105 and all it does)

USB Mmmm The Luxury

This machine also had a retro fitted USB in the floppy disc slot.

Not used one of these before. Very easy, from program list screen cursor down to the program to save, type in a name and press F2 to call one in type in number you want to read then press F3

Oh yea and if anyone ever tells you it doesn’t matter how big it is, well they are wrong.

Sometimes if it’s too big it just wont work. Make sure to use a small capacity memory stick as this is old technology.

Haas SL15
M7 (Never Heard Of That)

This machine had a handy M7 function which takes X and Z to tool-change position. Don’t think this is Haas but none the less. It’s bloody useful just takes you to tool change position.

 

Haas SL15

This Haas CNC SL15 is a great machine, you can pick one up second hand for about the same price as a decent second hand family car.

I suggest you leave the Mrs watching the telly and the kids in their rooms, doing whatever it is kids do for hours locked in their rooms. You then go and buy one of these, get 3 phase in your shed and have some fun.

Who knows you might even make some cash.

The bar-feed is a dream compared to most I’ve worked on. Oh and it’s an old machine, bet new one is even better.

You’ll need a long shed if you want a bar-feed or just poke it through the fence and hope the neighbours never notice. Mine just thought it was a long branch on my apple tree.

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Hyundai Wia L 300LC CNC Lathe

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Category : Fanuc Manual Guide News

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Very solid nice big Hyundai Wia CNC two axis lathe with Guide i, what more could you want?

Hyundai Wia

You know like when you have been on holiday eating loads of fancy food and you get home and all you fancy is a nice simple chips n egg?

Staple diet of my childhood. Anyway that is what this machine is. It’s the chips n egg of the CNC Lathe world.

Having just worked on a Nomura sliding head that’s as complicated as a nuclear reactor (are they complicated, I don’t know?) Anyway it just seems nice to come back to some nice simple stuff.

This is a no messing sturdy beast, none of your namby pamby driven tool shit.

No Y axis, and no stupid sub spindle to mess about with. G12.1 forget it. C axis no way.

Happy days, easy training job simple two axis CNC Lathe with a Fanuc i series control. Oh and it’s got Guide i too. I’m gonna love this.

Hyundai Wia With Guide i

Seem to get loads of these lately an I’m kind of getting to like them mmm maybe not. There’s loads of good stuff mixed in with some bad shit.

Sorry I’m rambling.

Guide i Did You Know?

Well I certainly didn’t. Anyway it’s got this button called alter.

Fanuc Guide i

Always wondered what it did so today after some deep breathing exercises I plucked up the courage to press it. Put on a mask, gloves and full PPE.

Safety shoes, check.
Incontinence briefs, check.
Crash helmet, check.

Bingo I pressed it.

Guess what it did…….

Nothing, jack shit, fuck all.

Ah but wait don’t go off to some other boring stupid website with naked chicks or naked dudes. No no no.

After much deliberation me and my new bestie (James) tried every combination.

Anyway if you highlight an M code and then press the beast. Guess what it comes up with a list of all your M codes, all their meanings and you get to pick one.

Fanuc Guide i

Woopee, err, not. Well I suppose it must have a use. If you didn’t know the M code you needed I suppose it could be good.

Now I lost a good 10 minutes of my life trying to sort out what this button did and I’m not impressed.

No matter how totally bladdered my mates are at the pub tonight I wont be able to impress them with this one.

Anyway enough said, I bet someone at Fanuc got promoted after inventing this exceptional, programming aid. A close runner up to the Fanuc PROGRAM RESTART button as another contender for the “this button is fuckin useless” award 2023.

Guide i Did You Know

Honestly this one really is worth reading. When you want to call a sub-program and you are not sure what number it is this one helps.

Press  Fanuc Guide i

Then from the screen move over to subprogram.

Fanuc Guide i

This takes you into the directory and from here you can select your subprogram. It will insert this into your program complete with the M98. And if you use names for your programs then it puts it in those nice little V shaped brackets. What do you call those funny brackets by the way. Does anyone out there know?

Guide i

Names For Programs

Using names for programs is cool. When you are an old school pre-septuagenarian git like me it seems real 21st century. Saves on all those shitty four digit numbers and bracketed descriptions.

This is mine above <FACE-GUIDEI>, certainly save on typos. I recon if you get into the habit of using this it could be very useful.

Guide i

If this sub program call feature is on Trust pilot I will give it 6 out of ten or maybe 7.

So bloody shit-faced convoluted to find. I mean who the fuck would think right I’ll press this button called FIGURE I mean it’s bound to take me somewhere where I can input my sub programs straight from the folder they are in.

Enough said.

The Machine David The Machine

Oh yea, some stuff I like on this machine.

Absolute encoders, no stupid zero return. Switch it on wait a few minutes press the standby button and you are good to go.

No open and close the door shit, no rotate the turret shit no no no just switch the beast on. Lovely.

Clever that is, my tellies at home are the same, can safely say I never had to zero return any of my many 50″ tellies. One in every room by the way except for the shit-house.

No open and close the door shit, no rotate the turret shit no no no just switch the beast on. Lovely.

Gear Change

Now I knew this thing had a gearbox but I couldn’t get the thing to change gear. Well actually you don’t need to. Just select a speed in G97 and it gets the right gear. What’s all the fuss you ask? Well if you are in G96 and it’s in low gear. Imagine you are facing off a part, well it will get to 1000 revs and just stay there.

Anyway the technique is as follow

You will get low gear

G97 S500 M3
G96 S200

You will get high gear

G97 S1200 M3
G96 S200

The G97 will make the machine select the correct gear.

Hand wheel Hyundai Wia

The jog and hand wheel are the same mode just press this button.

Hyundai Wia

When an increment is selected the button will start to flash indicating that You are in hand-wheel mode.

Hyundai Wia

There is a slight delay in starting the jog mode so be patient. A couple of times I thought it wasn’t working and started playing around with other buttons.

Turret Index

Turret will only index in manual mode when the X axis is at zero return. It is probably better to use MDI as it doesn’t mind where it is. Obviously take a good look at the surroundings before pressing cycle start.

Indexing the turret is done with these buttons. Hold in the middle one and press either of the outside ones to move turret clockwise or counter-clockwise. Press and hold for continuous rotation, Top red number is station number.

Hyundai Wia

Don’t forget when you index the turret the tool is not active, the Fanuc control will only display last tool used in MDI or in  program.

Start Spindle Hyundai Wia

As with most Fanuc controlled machines you will have to set a speed in MDI before you can start the machine manually. Once the speed is set use these buttons. Press and hold central button and your direction to start spindle manually,

Hyundai Wia

If you press forward or reverse without the central button the machine will jog the axis at the programmed speed. You can also do this with the door open. lucky you.

Hyundai Wia

Rapid does not work at all with the door open.

The jog feed potentiometer will stop all movement in rapid if set to it’s lowest position, It needs just one notch to make rapid work. A little trick, you only make this mistake once. A call to some smart arsed service engineer who says “did you try moving the dial one click?”

Zero Return

Select zero return then press direction key. One press and you don’t need to keep your finger on the button, This machine has a tailstock so keep an eye out for it when referencing the Z axis,

You can set both axis going together.

I like the door locks on this machine because they release on their own, There is no button to open and close, I like that,

A Room With a View

The viewing window is a bit small but I suppose its a good safety thing when you have a big chuck spinning at 3000 RPM.

One very concerning thing is the fact that there is no safety back kick plate on the chuck pedals, This is a 2022 machine so I would have thought it would have one.

It means you can accidentally press the pedal and open the chuck!! Holy fuckin shit.

We decided to put the pedal under the bench so you couldn’t press it by accident.

Guide i Again

Every time I use guide i I find something new that I like about it. Me and Guide i are definitely in a love hate relationship.

This time I found the two things above.

Fixed Forms

I recon with some work using Fixed forms is a good quick way of programming, Given time you could get a really good library of things.

This would make program creation very quick. Multi screen editing is also good on Guide i. You can have several programs open together and switch between them when editing.

This also means no pesky background edit where you get locked in a fuckin time warp and nothing works until you find the escape button (BG END)

Graphics Graphics Sodding Graphics

Graphics are still pretty shitty, When you alter the rotation or size of the part you lose everything and have to start again.

How annoying is that. I mean I should be used to it by now.

Come on Fanuc this is 2024 not 1981. There is no speed control on the graphics either so it’s all over in a flash.

Not sure on this one can somebody explain? Some controls have a speed control on graphics and some don’t!!

Hyundai Wia Tool Measure

Tool measurement with the tool arm uses the hand-wheel to drive tool towards the probe. Never been a great fan of this way of setting tools but I suppose it’s still better than cut and measure.

You can index the turret with the arm down so beware. Jog and rapid don’t work when the arm is down so that’s good.

No lights on the probe! What no lights on the probe, that’s annoying. When you make contact with the probe the axis just stops, There is no light so you are not sure it has stopped.

It does jump to the correct offset for you and it zeros the wear, Good because not all machines do that.

Big Chuck

It is a big 12 station turret but with a large chuck therefore adjacent tools can easily cause a problem so beware.

Take a look below the tool you are using as it approaches the chuck. Better still bring em in manually just to check before running.

I know you are never supposed to have the jaws above the chuck outside but that’s difficult with hard jaws but it’s really important to watch out for this one.

Big Fanuc Guide i Screen

All men love big TV’s, why is that? I know I do.

Anyway this machine a has a big “fuck off” screen. Big screen means more keys are visible happy days.

Means you don’t have to keep using arrow keys to find butttons.

QWERTY keyboard too, What utter luxury.

Hyundai Wia Easy to Use

All in all I liked the interface on this Hyundai Wia machine, Pretty easy to get it to do most things. Not too many frustrations. Apart from the slight delay on some buttons like the jog, I’d prefer to be able to index the turret anywhere and I don’t like using the Hand-Wheel to measure tools. A light to indicate when you are touching the probe wouldn’t go a miss either.

Tool Change Position

This Hyundai Wia has G30 P2 which you can set a position in parameter 1241 and have a second Zero Return position (G30 P2 U0 w0)

Personally I wouldn’t use it. You will need loads of different tool change positions on a machine this big. Otherwise you’ll be travelling a mile to get to small jobs.

I set it up to use local sub routines. This means I can call program 500 in any program and it can be a unique tool change position. Read this.

My tool change position is local to this program so you can change it for every job.

Hyundai Wia

 

 


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